BACKGROUND TABLE
I am a big fan of the “Social Origin Roll” for all my player
characters in all my games. In AD&D starting money? LOL. I want the player
to tell me about their character and that will be the campaign canon. You tell
me that you are a scion of Royal Nobility with a valid claim for the throne, so
be it. Of course, you will be on the run from your evil uncle, who deposed you
after killing your dad, but as you make your way across the land and meet
various former feudal vassals of your father, they will host you and they will
help you with men, gold and equipment far above the “starting money” table!
This is good, but players all somehow end up with comfy upper-class backgrounds,
which give them more chances, than they can use, so, now everyone rolls on the
social origins table. Roll low, and you will end up coming from a different
place altogether.
The table below is derived from studies into social class and
income conducted by the De Pew research institute and the IRS. The distribution
of various classes in this table is derived directly from their statistics,
some of which are listed in the End Notes. You need percentile dice to roll on
this one. Social Classes are explained below. The income listed is for a FAMILY
OF THREE, expressed in thousands of dollars (K) per year.
The researchers only classified social class by income, but I
believe that there is another important variable, which defines the middle
class and strengthens the class structure, and that is Social Stability and
Support Network (SS&SN). In brief, this is the extended family structure,
in which money, assets, and property has been passing from parent to child for
several generations. This means family relatives possessing several homes and a
business or two in the family, also various members if the extended family
network having inherited sums of money from their respective parents, which
they keep in savings accounts or invested in property or the assets. This kind
of network provides social stability, which also serves as a safety net, which
can help with transportation issues, childcare, and housing, temporary or long
term should a relative lose income as a result of becoming unemployed. It is
often this social safety net, which makes a difference between being working
poor and being in the lower middle class. Consider for example two Mexican
migrants. One stands on the street-corner and works as a day laborer or a farm
laborer. He may be sleeping at a church shelter, or a boarding house, sends
part of his earnings home to Mexico and the other part he spends eating and
drinking beer with his buddies, when not working. The other one has his wife
with him and they rent a trailer to live in and wife is unemployed, or barely
employed, and she cooks meals, cleans, and walks their child to and from
school. Even though they make similar wages, the one with his family in a
trailer is part of the community, where he can get rides to better and more
stable employment, and he is part of the community that will help him. That is
the safety net that is part of social stability that defines middle class.
14% of the Americans are Poor, 6% are Upper class, and 80%
are Middle class, which is broken as 20 Lower Middle Class, 51 Middle Class and
29% Upper Middle Class. The differences between the Poor, the Middle and the
Upper classes are not just are matter of income, but also qualitative. Middle
Class has the social stability and familial informal support network, poor do
not. Middle Class can afford a car and some kind of rent. If the car breaks
down, the middle class can, as a rule, still get to work. The poor do not have
a car, or don’t have enough money to keep the car going, or had one or more
DUI’s and they CAN’T have a car. The poor do not have savings or credit card
cushion to fall back on in hard times, and usually can’t afford rent to live on
their own. The poor are characterized by the lack of social and economic
stability and lack of community roots, that would keep them in the Middle
Class. Middle Class itself can be defined as making enough money to be able to
afford mortgage payments on primary residence (or at least rent own place) and
car payments to get steady transportation.
The Rich, or the Upper Class, have their own characteristics,
which distinguish them from the Upper Middle Class, no matter how much money
the Middle Class makes. One factor is that the Upper Class does not work for a
salary, but earns a return on their investments. This does not necessarily mean
some college drop out living in a room in his parents house investing his dad’s
401K and fancying himself a day trader. Nor does this mean some rich kid from
another country, who lives in the U.S. investing his family’s money. He is most
likely Upper Class in his own country, but not here. The second characteristic
of the Upper Class, which distinguishes it from the Upper Middle and the
Nouveau Riche is that Upper Class are rich not because of the high paying jobs
they have, but they get the jobs because of who they are, because of who their
families are. Nepotism is widespread, but whereas prominent middle-class
families can get their kids into civil service jobs (police, firefighters) and
local businesses or local politics, being of the Upper Class can open doors to
Ivy League law schools, West Point or other service academies, corporate jobs
with the fast track to upper management, clerkships to judges and internships
at DC. They got ties that open doors.
There are two social classes not listed in the table, but
which should be described to complete this picture. We are talking about the
WORKING CLASS and the CAPITALISTS. Working Class are people who live pay check
to pay check and who do not have any resources and who, if they lose they job,
they are two or three paychecks away from homelessness. This does not mean
someone drowning in debt because of poor spending habits. This means someone
who barely makes enough money to live on. It is the same division as between
the working poor and the lower middle class, except one can make six figures
and still be working class. IT professionals making upper middle-class salaries
can be considered working class, if they came from no money and until they get
savings to put them in Middle Class. CAPITALISTS are not simply rich and they
are not the guy with a construction business, a tow truck or a repair shop.
Capitalists by definition are the ones who own the means of production – i.e.,
manufacturing. Someone, who owns a factory of any kind, or a machine shop, is the
capitalist, people who do manufacturing overseas can also be considered
Capitalists, if they are not the go-betweens, but actually own the
manufacturing facility. These guys are few, and they tend to be way above the
1% in income.
PERMANENT WARD
This is a dramatic result to be used in the game. The
character is under permanent care of the State and will always be under State
observation or surveillance. You father was Hannibal Lector or a world infamous
terrorist or a major underworld figure or the character is Harry Potter, or the
Antichrist or Rosemary’s Baby. In the real world, if the parents are locked up
for the rest of their natural lives, the child is placed with a family via
adoption or is in foster care, if unadoptable, and that’s the end of the story
– the child identifies with their adoptive parents and grows up as part of that
family. In Nightmares and Suburbs, there is always a possibility of parents
being not of this earth and of having un-natural lives. Player characters may
have been in a psychiatric or a research institution or with the special
guardians, from whom the character has to escape or has escaped, or was rescued
by his parents’ supporters, who now take care of the character. Think Stephen
King’s Firestarter. You can also play it non-weird with the character not
knowing his parents and living in foster care, because both parental sides of
the biological family are unfit parents.
UNDERCLASS
These are indigent non-working poor surviving on welfare and
as part of their extended families, and who are allowed to keep their kids. If
the parents were in homeless shelters and half-way houses, kids would be in
foster care as in Permanent Ward. They may be working off the books and or by
committing petty crime and drug dealing, but as a rule, their income hovers
around the poverty line. See the rule about the Oddballs and Eccentrics for the
possibility of the criminal background.
WORKING POOR
Researchers identify the Working Poor as full-time wage
earners making at or below the poverty line (18.8K/Annum), also calling them
Minimal Wage earners. Another study identifies people earning up to 2.5 times
the poverty line as being especially vulnerable of sliding back into the
underclass, should something happen (loss of transportation, loss of job). They
also use that as their definition for the lower middle class. I split it based
on the availability of the social safety net. Working Poor are struggling to
get on their feet, they don’t have a social safety net save for welfare, for
which they don’t qualify because of their earnings, and the job they have, for
them it’s day to day you got lucky thing you are going to hold on to until your
car breaks down or your rent goes up.
LOWER MIDDLE CLASS
Defined as the income from just above the poverty line to 2.5
the poverty line. These people struggle economically and their daily lives
often resemble the working poor, put they are minimally enfranchised in
society, usually belong to some form of a community and they have a better
social safety net.
MIDDLE CLASS
These people carry the torch for the State. Their income
allows them to support the economy by being able to purchase their cars and
homes via loans, which they repay. They can carry the full burden of taxes and
credit card debt. In fact, the full standard of living of the American middle
class is predicated on their ability to carry debt, including student loans.
Other than financial burden, the middle class is the most invested in society
and as a result, they are the last to flee in wars and other upheavals, being
tied by their families and possessions, they are the ones who get the most out
of the hope that things will work out for them eventually. As such, they form
the bulk of the civilian casualties in any war or genocide. Also, they form the
client demographics for the right-wing dictatorship and during the civil war in
Colombia, they formed the ranks of the autodefensas, rural
armed militia that was formed to defend themselves against the Marxist
guerillas, which eventually turned into Colombia’s right-wing paramilitaries
and death squads.
UPPER MIDDLE CLASS
These are professionals, who earn 100K and above. There is
really no limit. If you have to work for a living, then you are in the middle
class, no matter how much you earn. There are people who talk about making
“their first million” but that is mostly empty boasting. There is a talk of
“fuck you money” among the Silicon Valley entrepreneurs, who sell their
start-ups. FU money mean that you sold your company for enough money that can
quit working for the rest of your life (thereby joining the upper class). In
2008, the Silicon Valley Execs bandied the sum of 8 million dollars, which is
$11.4 Million in today’s money, which means that in Silicon Valley, they were
accustomed to living on $342K per year. Just under the 1%.
It is very hard for the Upper Middle-Class professionals to
make their wealth and retire early, because they are required to maintain the
trappings of their wealth and professionalism as a condition of their success.
Basically, you won’t get promoted to the next higher level on your ladder to
success, unless you drive a certain type of car, wear a certain type of
clothes, own a home of certain luxury in a certain location, and send your kids
to a certain prep-school. And the higher
you go, the more expensive these trappings become. If you don’t follow the
Joneses and you don’t wear that suit and that watch, then you won’t be seen as
worthy material and the higher ups will lose their confidence in you. An
upper-class professional typically carries a debt burden of five times their
annual income and sometimes as high as nine times. That is why it is very hard
for a highly paid professional to become a millionaire. Some highly paid
investment bankers working in Hedge Funds are even required to buy a full-size
yacht as a rite of their passage (and indebtedness). Consider the operating
costs for the ship.
UPPER FRINGES
These are extended family members of the Upper-Class members.
They themselves tend to have regular jobs and lead comfortable middle-class
existence, however, they get the benefit of the association with a prominent
family. This could mean getting into West Point or being accepted into Harvard.
This can mean getting a job on the Capitol Hill as a Congressional Staffer or
finding a job in the publishing industry. These people work for a living and
they may not be rich in any sense of the word, but they get the maximum
opportunity, social support, and good will from the upper management by virtue
of their family ties.
UPPER CLASS
They don’t have to work for a living, unless they choose to.
The trappings of wealth, which bankrupt the Upper Middle-Class is painless to
them. Partly it’s associated with the corporate image they are projecting. Not
all of course. South Asian millionaires, who control dozens of McDonalds and
Dunkin Donuts franchises will not be wearing $100K watches or prance around in
leer jets. Those, who are CEO’s Fortune 500 Companies will ride around in a
luxury leer jet, but the jet will be bought and paid for by the corporation and
they are projecting the company’s corporate image of wealth and power, and
everything they say or do represents their company. There is one other fallacy
that surrounds the Rich. Everyone assumes that they invest their wealth in a
mythical portfolio on Wall Street. They have assets on Wall Street and they
have Portfolio Managers working for them, it is true, but they also tend to
hire several Business Managers. These look for investment opportunities in
local economy – trucking companies, stores, sometimes even medical practices,
and they go in as silent partners – they front the money in exchange for a
percentage of the profit, usually around 15%, and some rich families have most
of their disposable income come directly from small businesses they invested
in. In essence their family fortune becomes a business empire.
OLD MONEY
These are people who are heirs to great American fortunes.
They are wealthy, but often they do not have control over their wealth until
they reach the middle age, say around 50, and everyone is sure that they will
not lose or give away their wealth. Until then, they live on a stipend and
their fortune is overseen by a Board of Trustees, which are very conservative
with their money and some times they control the lives of the heirs, whose
fortunes they administer – what they study in college, who they sleep with
(supposedly) as well as financial decisions. If they want to buy a house, they
have to apply to the board of trustees who may deny the request, because the
house is too expensive, too extravagant, or for some other reason.
They have certain traditional aristocratic values, which
reflect on their lifestyle. They have to build character, which means that they
take to sailing (sports yachts) or they climb mountains, or they serve their
country, typically as a military pilot, in intelligence, or as a diplomat. At
times they also strive to live a simple life, as Henry David Thoreau, living in
the woods or on the ranch, and doing manual labor there. This is in stark and
sharp contrast to the Upper Middle Class, which tend to establish themselves by
showing how much money they have. Rich foreign students in Manhattan all have
their parents’ Platinum American Express cards, and everyone is invited to go hanging
out with them, they tend to go Dutch and cost for the evening racks up
thousands of dollars. Regular American kids sometimes tag along and end up
burned with what they charge on their credit cards, and to talk about the
money, id of course, vulgar in that company.
ODDBALLS AND ECCENTRICS
Not everyone conforms to values and traditions of their
social class. You got professional criminals collecting disability and welfare
dads working off the books. You have trust fund babies from the old money
teaching in the inner-city schools and living with room-mates. You have
respectable doctors living as bohemians and single mom secretaries centering
their lives around the healing powers of crystals and unicorns.
When people are isolated and under stress, they tend to go
off the deep end and invent strange and wonderful alternative belief systems
and conspiracy theories to explain the complexities and patterns of their
world, not to mention the real force of the supernatural in Little Fears’
setting. People who can’t afford health care will believe in alternative
medicine. Societies evolve. Like serpents, they cast off their old skins,
moving forward and leaving the past behind. When the past is left on the
dust-bin of history, it leaves behind people whose jobs, ways of thinking and
ways of living become obsolete. These people often end up becoming eccentrics,
once the experience of their entire lives becomes invalid and obsolete. The
rest of the worlds experiences these changes every 60 or 80 years. In the
United States, these changes are GENERATIONAL – every 20 or 30 years, and
coincidentally, United States has the highest concentration of people whose job
skills and industries become obsolete after they invested their adult lives
into it, about 22-24%.
To account for this in Nightmares and Suburbs, if you roll a
Prime Number on your Social Class Roll, your parents can be considered to have
been non-conformists to their social class. Prime Numbers are given below the
table.
|
DIE ROLL
|
SOCIAL CLASS
|
INCOME
|
|
00
|
PERMANENT WARD
|
NIL
|
|
01-06
|
UNDERCLASS
|
+/- $18.8K
|
|
07-14
|
WORKING POOR
|
UP TO $47K
|
|
15-30
|
LOWER MIDDLE CLASS
|
18.8K TO 47K
|
|
31-67
|
MIDDLE CLASS
|
$47K TO $100K
|
|
68-93
|
UPPER MIDDLE CLASS
|
$100K +
|
|
94-97
|
UPPER FRINGES
|
$200K +
|
|
97-98
|
UPPER CLASS
|
$390K +
|
|
99
|
OLD MONEY
|
OUT OF SIGHT
|
Prime Numbers to 100:
1,2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29,31,37,41,43,47,53,59,61,67,71,73,79,83,89,97.
END NOTES:
- $18.8K is the Poverty Line.
- If your salary is $100K and above, you are in the top 10%
of the highest paid individuals in EARNED INCOME.
- Upper Middle Class income range is $100K - $150K.
- 6.1% od Americans claim to be living off their investments.
- 10% of Americans claim to be millionaires. Current annual
sustainable interest off a million-dollar investment is $30K. Not enough to
live on. To live at the Upper Middle-Class level off your investments, you need
a fortune of 4 million dollars or more.
- 14% of Americans are living at or below the poverty line.
- $390K per year is the minimum income that would classify
you as being “The One Per-Cent”
- According to the IRS study done in 1992 and adjusted for
today, the cost for providing for an upper middle-class household with a
mortgage, a single car, and two school age children, where reasonable thrift is
practiced and all the needs are met, and no credit cards are used, is $140K.
The rest can be reliably banked into savings.
